Policy Framework Data Breaches

Question: Talk about the Policy Framework for Data Breaches. Answer: Presentation: The security break, otherwise called the security infringement alludes to an episode in the data innovation zone. It happens when an application or an individual interrupts into the intelligent IT fringe which is private, unapproved and classified (Walters, 2014). An exploration has been completed with respect to the episode of security firms got thumped around in Russia. It occurred from September to December on 2015. The accompanying report centers about the issue, the manner in which it happened and the explanations for it on the premise if the examination. The security penetrate brings about the unapproved entrance of systems, gadgets, administrations, applications and information by bypassing through the supporting security components. On the long stretch of October, the Russian security from the Kaspersky lab guaranteed that their system is penetrated. They have just made mainstream line programming on antivirus and they implied that the programmers were as a matter of fact the specialists working for the state. Eugene, the CEO acclaimed that the break happened utilizing zero-day and arrangement of cutting edge assaults. This was done to assemble information about the most recent administrations and innovation of the organization (Stanwick, 2014). This has been one of the early foundation of assault on security by any malignant trespasser. The interloper could have been any saltine, programmer or any detestable application. The security techniques and arrangements were abused. It could be anything fluctuating from the low to high bas ic dangers. Numerous experts in the digital security division instituted the year 2014 as the time of break. At that point, the time of 2015 was viewed as the time of the break 2.0 as the aggressors were following greater prey. This incorporated the huge government organizations like the assault on the Kasperkey Lab (Johnson, 2015). Be that as it may, there have been two silver linings working on it. Right off the bat, the Lab proclaimed that the attack were resolved before any significant damage was finished. The clients were additionally made sure about while the invasion has been going on (Leon, 2015). Also, the activity got simpler as the assault was done over an organization that has been had some expertise in establishing new assaulting strategies. This factor was the most significant. Consequently assaulting on this organization was not a decent methodology. The aggressors has lost their costly and progressed innovative system created with bunches of retribution through numerous years. In addition, a few innovations have been as of now open under the permitting concessions to which the assailants have attempted to keep reconnaissance (McDougal, 2015). Further, the most recent vectors of assault used were remembered as of now for the checking programming of the firm. How the issue happened: It has been not satisfactory who embraced the break. Two or three zero-day adventures of Flash were sitting in the open hanging tight for the dynamic days when the information ought to be jumped out. The programmers had all the earmarks of being a similar group that was made by Duqu. It was a spyware that was found on 2011. As uncovered by Kasperkey, the handicraft of the group sprung up with two modern instruments. They were the Flame reconnaissance stage huge in nature contaminating a large number of individuals for a long time (Haukkala, 2015). Another was the Gauss assault puzzles in nature contain a payload bolted with security and was not deciphered at this point. Malware has been spread by utilizing the Microsoft Software Installer records. These records have been commonly utilized by the workers of the data innovation so as to introduce programming into remote PCs. The expense of the zero-day misuses was thought to be extremely high. Explanation for the assault: The aggressors turned dug in inside their system for certain years. Their motivation had been to siphon the insight with respect to the assaults on country expresses that the organization was contributing. It resembled a circumstance here the spectators have been watching the eyewitnesses who have been watching them. They likewise wanted to consider the working instruments of Kasperskys recognition programming (Jacobson, 2015). Thusly they wished to have the option to devise techniques for not getting captured. Potential answers for the assault: Kaspersky was fruitful in deciding them while going a trial of a most recent item. That has been created to reveal the specific kinds of assault the assailants have propelled. The main methodology that has been moral from such revelations of misuse has been to uncover them. The revelation was to be done to the product creators. In the current case the product creator was the Adobe Systems Inc (Bradshaw, 2015). Penetrates have been as yet hoarding a lot of bits of the spotlight. Regardless of this, rather being constrained by the occasions hitting enormous retail clients, its impact has been extraordinary. It put its effect on the tech monsters, open areas. It further influenced the people and firms who have confided in the online security of Kaspersky. This made the time of 2015 the incredibly most unpleasant year. The spying over the digital security firms has been an exceptionally hazardous propensity and practice. The best way to make sure about the countries has been to battle the assaults straightforwardly by the security firms and offices of law requirement. All it began in June 2014 as one of workers PC of JPMorgan was hacked. It was been contaminated with a malware that took some login certifications. The staff was associated remotely with the corporate system by VPN or virtual private system. The programmer grabbed the entrance to their inward system (Silver-Greenberg, Goldstein Perlroth, 2014). The accompanying report investigates the foundation of the issue. It figures out who were influenced and how it occurred. It has additionally broke down the manner by which the hacking was done. In conclusion, the answers for anticipation are evaluated. The foundation of the issue: The programmers acquired subtleties of projects and applications that have been running on the PCs of the JP Morgan. They were somewhat guides for them. They crosschecked the rundowns with the known vulnerabilities inside each web application and program. They were scanning for the purpose of passage back to the arrangement of the bank. This instance of obscurity has been asserted by different individuals who have considered the results of the measurable examination on the bank (Lohrke, Frownfelter-Lohrke Ketchen, 2016). The programmers have been working through abroad. They accomplished the section to the subtleties like names, telephone numbers, messages and addresses of the record holders at JPMorgan. JP Morgan pronounced that there has been no unmistakable confirmation that this data of records with passwords or any government disability numbers were taken. They further guaranteed that there was no proof of misrepresentation with respect to the client information (Lee, Maker At, 2015). A bit of the data taken additionally included inner data. These information has been distinguishing clients as indicated by the Mastercard, home loan and private banking. The bank would confront further dangers of hacking from the rundown of taken applications and records. These have been running on the PCs of JP Morgan to break down the vulnerabilities. The aggressors have prevailing with regards to concealing a portion of the tracks. This was on the grounds that as they have erased countless log records. Sources have been guaranteeing this was conceivable they additionally broke previously (Ferrell, 2016). JP Morgan has been spending around two fifty million dollars on their security every year. It comprised of a thousand of staffs occupied with digital security. This was 600 more than that of Google. After the case, various safety crews of JP Morgan left to work at different banks. This demonstrated the people who have understanding and information about the framework arrange have been leaving (Corker, Silver-Greenberg Sanger, 2014). This had made JP Morgan powerless against more data penetrates. The digital assault contained the records subtleties of seventy 6,000,000 families with around million little scope organizations. It has been a count that limited the past appraisals by JP Morgan and put the entrance among the most elevated ever. The certainty of the customers with respect to corporate Americas advanced activities got profoundly shaken. Retailers like the Home Depot and Target supported critical information penetrates. Forty million cardholders and seventy million of others have been undermined at the Target (Telang, 2015). Not at all like them JP Morgan which has been the biggest bank of the nation includes budgetary information inside its PCs going past subtleties of Visas of the clients. It possibly included considerably more touchy data. Completing of the assault: The aggressors figured out how to experience the few degrees of security. This was finished by releasing projects that were noxious. These were created to get through the J.P. Morgans arrange. At that point the assailants recovered the most elevated layer of benefits effectively. They took control on around ninety and more servers by various zero-day vulnerabilities. So as to escape identification, the data was taken for a while gradually. There could be a case were the login qualification taken would get futile. This would occur if that was not for the server disregarded which neglected to recover the two factor verification redesign (Peters, 2014). The assaults could be limited by sending the HIPS or Host-based Intrusion Prevention System. It has the battling ability to catch and stop the malwares. This is on the grounds that its activity has been to stop and distinguish both obscure and known assaults. The product uses the framework calls to perform conduct observing. It watches the connection among the exercises. It obstructs the strategies as it scopes to a top certainty level (Weise, 2014). Joining the elements of individual antivirus, IDS, conduct examination and firewall it forestalls the malwares from doing any mischief. The people have been the most vulnerable connection continually with respect to security issues. This is on the grounds that

Analysis of Child Observation Research

Examination of Child Observation Research Presentation and Background Information of the Children Our school urges kids to learn through play and encounters that are comprehensively, inventive, and mechanically. Educators are accepted to can possibly assist kids with stimulating their advancement to the fullest with suitable assets and condition. Kids will co-build their insight, acquiring their own characters and qualities can be sustained to act naturally coordinated and proficient students. These are some data about the youngsters: Perception 1 Ann is three years of age. She is remaining with her folks. Her mom is from America while her dad is from United Kingdom. The family appreciates heading off to the recreation center. Perception 2 Kate is two years of age. She is Singaporean and has been going to class since she was a newborn child. She is the lone kid in the family. Perception 3 John is two years of age. He remains with his mom who is a Chinese and his dad who is an Indian. John is a sprightly kid and likes to take the transport. Rogoff three focal points of approach (Fleer, Jane Hardy, 2007) were utilized on the examination on every one of the perceptions and will extend further with different hypotheses and teaching methods. Investigation of Observation 1 Network Institutional Lens Ann had recently returned from her days off in Mexico. She had been offering to me about the nursery at the grandparent’s house at Mexico. Hence, Ann may have associated with watering the plants with her grandparents. In an examination by Robbins Jane (2006), it is referenced that collaborations with grandkids isn't simply partaking in their minutes together, however it is additionally observed as a key to pick up information about their normal, physical and innovative world that exist or made inside themselves. Families who support children’s learning and studies have recognized that the learning occurs among home and school profited the youngster and their families (Robbins, 2012). From the perceptions, it has indicated that learning has happened among school and home. Inviting From the perceptions, Ann had taken her insight class kickoff. She needed to water the plants when she saw the watering can at the sink. Time was given to her to be occupied with topping off water and watering the plants along the study hall. The school condition has gotten accidental science. In my specific circumstance, we have field and plants around the school to additionally improve the school air. The rich green space has added to the accidental science which got nature all the more expressly (Fleer, Gomes March, 2014). Relational Lens In this perception, the nature of the connections and relational connections is among kid and grown-up. As a result of what Ann saw what Miss Jess is doing, Miss Jess gave her the open door in science and innovation. While learning has happened when there are cooperations, it has likewise indicated that the reasoning level is moving from intermental to intramental as the youngsters continuously disguise, think about and change their understanding (Robbins Jane, 2006). To improve the worldwide condition in school and for us, making a move is required (Mackey, 2012). Through seeing what Miss Jess was doing, Ann felt that she should have an impact in adding to nature. It is likewise reminded that when children’s rights are regarded, they assume on the liability to improve conditions to shape their lives and just as others (Mackey, 2012). Individual Lens Ann had the option to identify with her past encounters she had in watering plants at her grandparents’ place at Mexico. Vygotsky contended that children’s encounters set the establishment for higher psychological reasoning when youngsters build up each day or essential ideas (Fleer et al., 2007). Watering the plants may have happened at her grandparents’ place have prompted Ann’s understanding that plants need water since they are parched. Ann was effectively associated with the encounters. She assumed the liability of the need to water plants. Mawson (as refered to in Robbins, 2012) contemplated that youngsters do acquire earlier information on innovative information and comprehend and this doesn't need to be perceived or encouraged by educators. Mawson additionally prompted that while teachers need to distinguish children’s genuine intrigue, instructors likewise should have enough information to help children’s intrigue successfully (Robbins, 2012). From the perception, Ann has indicated solid enthusiasm for cultivating and she has acquired her earlier information about watering the plants in school. Examination of Observation 2 Network Institutional Lens In this unique situation, the youngsters were given adequate time to participate in supported shared movement. Kate was offered time to utilize spoon to scoop the ice to utilizing pouring ice utilizing the basin. This identifies with the school’s culture where youngsters develop their insight, and they are capable and able student. The school likewise urges youngsters to have the assets for kids to investigate. As per Bronfenbrenner’s biological point of view, he focused on that the earth is comprised of quick settings, just as the social and culture setting, for example, home, school and work environment (Rogoff, 2003). The school where Kate’s guardians have selected her in have given her an immediate effect on her in her learning. This has given her the chance to have the involvement with investigating ice in the school setting. Kate might not have presented to ice preceding her past encounters, along these lines, this is something new to her. Her cooperations with peers have added to her interest of investigating with ice. Kate was favored to be allowed the chance to be in this setting as she entered the school. Relational Lens Aside from her own encounters in learning science and innovation, Kate likewise picked up information from her friends. Kate watched her companion getting the ice and referenced, â€Å"Cold.† She encountered it herself and said something very similar as well. Correspondence, social apparatuses and other image frameworks get social and authentic legacy and kids figure out how to utilize these devices to connect and draw on the encounters of others (Robbins, 2007). In this perception, Kate acted to be the devotee as she utilizes her companion as her model and demonstrated after her friend’s activities and words. Vygotsky’s hypothesis accepted that learning happens first on relational level, trailed by socio-social commitment (Robbins, 2007). After the communication with May, Kate has disguised and picked up information about ice and did her pouring of ice utilizing various devices. Social authentic hypothesis emerging from Vygotsky hypothesis additionally recognizes that the exercises which individual and friends are locked in are dully changing and creating in commonly consolidated manners (Robbins, Bartlett Jane, 2009). Kids will have the option to do such autonomous reasoning and afterward change these intuition to their own motivation ((Rogoff, 2003). Along these lines, after Kate’s cooperation with May, Kate had the option to disguise her own reasoning and further work on her investigation. Individual Lens Through the individual focal point of Kate, she has comprehended the utilization of utilizing different apparatus gave to scoop the ice. She may have picked up these encounters from her day by day life. For instance, she may have utilized the spoon to scoop rice from a bowl during noon, in this way, for this situation, she has utilized it to scoop rice. Another thing which she may have encountered utilizing before this situation would be the cup. She may take part in water play beforehand and utilized the cup in pouring. Kate has built up an establishment of her subjective aptitudes. It is obvious as she has moved from utilizing a spoon to scoop, at that point to utilizing a cup and in conclusion the container. She experienced the procedures of being creative and new specialized abilities to move the ice into various compartments. She has examined how the devices functioned and which functioned best for her. Examination of Observation 3 Network Institutional Lens John is favored to have enormous open air condition and outside materials for him to investigate. In this way, the earth has given John the chance to investigate pushing a ball utilizing a tricycle. He has taken in another manner to venture to every part of the ball as opposed to utilizing hands or legs. There was likewise adequate time for John to investigate. Rather than guiding him of what he ought to do, opportunity was given for him to discover how he can utilize the tricycle to push the ball ahead. As learning happens inside the setting of play and on-going exercises, and fitting needs and needs, it is noticed that youngsters do require stretched out time for them to return to and build information (Robbins et al., 2009). For this situation, John was approached to take part in development exercises mentioned by the educator like moving the ball with his tricycle. Some innovation exercises have a target to meet and their consideration is normally attracted to innovation sensation and the physical relics inside the school condition itself (Robbins et al., 2009). Relational Lens The idea of this connections relationship is between a kids and grown-up. The mutual understandings which seem to exist is that John consented to bring the ball back by utilizing his signals and verbal correspondence. John’s enthusiasm for figuring to bring the ball utilizing his tricycle is bolstered by me. From the help, he has developed his certainty by dealing with the ball went by the tricycle notwithstanding a few disappointments. Youngsters figuring aptitudes can be rich and deliberate. It was apparent that youngsters can hold clashing perspectives simultaneously (Robbins, 2009). John In light of Vygotsky’s thoughts, he remarked that learning happens at first before an individual connected with another in a movement (Robbins, 2009). Vygotsky (as refered to in Robbins, 2009 p.80) referenced, â€Å"Through others we become ourselves.† Apart from in

Diverse Workforce In Australia Example

Diverse Workforce In Australia Example Diverse Workforce In Australia â€" Essay Example > Diverse Workforce in AustraliaIntroductionDiversity within a working environment covers gender, ethnicity, age, language, cultural background, religious belief, family responsibilities and sexual orientation of the population within that environment (Cox and Blake 1991, p. 45-56). Diversity also means other ways in which the workers in a particular environment are different, or instance educational level, work experience, life experience, socioeconomic background, marital status and personality. Workplace diversity generally involves recognizing the individual differences in values and managing them within that respective workplace. The diversity of the employees in Australian context is one of its greatest. Managing diversity in the country successfully means the ability to create an environment, which utilizes and values people’s contributions with diverse experiences, perspectives and backgrounds (Michael 1996, p. 215-298). Organizations generally need to develop management s trategies for their employees, which are capable of accommodating differences in the background, family responsibilities and perspectives of their employees. They need to equally recognize the diverse contributions, which diversity of perspectives makes to develop new ways and ideas of doing things. The concept of workplace diversity is an inclusion of the equal employment opportunity principle. This paper discusses the work diversity topic looking deeply into issues of discrimination and the disadvantage concepts within the Australian context. Diverse nature of the workforce in AustraliaAustralia has an extensive diversity in the respective work places. The country employs many people with diverse cultures from all corners of the globe. Australia has an inclusive and tolerant society made up of individuals from many, diverse backgrounds. Cultural diversity is a prominent feature of the national identity of Australia. Since 1900, the Australian population has been consisting of a s mall number of Indigenous people relatively and a substantial majority of Europeans mostly from countries for instance Britain (Cope and Mary 1997, p. 178-201). By 2008, Australia’s population by far exceeded 21 million with an inclusion of people from over 200 countries. In this context, the diversity even in the work force is intolerable (Napoli 1998, p. 178-198). Torres Strait Islander and Aboriginal people are culturally diverse in the country, belonging to numerous language groups. Global trends and the fast growing nature of Australia has been bringing people to Australia for a long period and therefore, creating the diversity (Michael 1996, p. 215-298). From the gold rush era of the early 1850s to the present globalization, the diversity in the work force of Australia has been increasing and widening by day (Patrickson 1994, p. 25-32). Discrimination and DisadvantageDiscrimination is part of the concepts that feature prominently when looking into issues of work diversity. Discrimination in this context means the systematic acts, which deprive a specific group of equal treatment for instance pay rates, promotion, hiring and access among others (Brian 1999, p. 530-547). This in other words is depriving particular groups of people equal opportunities within the work force without clear and justified reasons of doing so. On the other hand, disadvantage is a concept that also features broadly in this context. This involves groups of people who endure unequal opportunities for reasons without ground. In other words, it means the poorer outcomes as well as conditions being assigned to specific groups (Robin 1998, p. 133-142). Such groups in the Australian context usually include women, the disabled, non-English-speaking migrants, and the indigenous Australians (Napoli 1998, p. 178-198). In reality, these groups always experience difficult times in their work environment with preferences falling on fellows or work mates.

The Disparities in the Provision of Health Services in the Modern Society Free Essay Example, 2750 words

To formulate and implement a health need analysis of disadvantaged children, there are certain core elements that those involved should be conversant with and address conclusively. First, HNA must identify the unmet health care and health requirements of these children and their families so that only the interventions that would provide for such needs are formulated and implemented. In other terms, an HNA should serve to improve the health of children and families in disadvantaged areas by allowing for the effective planning of health service provision. Importantly, HNA should enable health care providers to set their priorities and develop their policies according to the health needs of the target patient or group of patient. It should be apparent by now that an HNA should not be implemented for the mere purpose of establishing the health status of disadvantaged children; rather, HNA seeks to improve the health of these children and their parents by emphasizing the concept of incre asing the capacity of patients to benefit from intervention strategies (Cunningham Kemper, 1998). Regarding disadvantaged areas, health needs would refer to a population s abilities and capacity to benefit from whichever health interventions recommended, formulated and implemented by the authorities. We will write a custom essay sample on The Disparities in the Provision of Health Services in the Modern Society or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Researches have confirmed that socio-economic disadvantage is largely associated with health and health needs of a population. However, the association between socioeconomic status and health is quite complicated and surrounded by quite a number of factors such as place of residence, education, income, health beliefs and behaviours and access to health services (Franks et al. , 2001). HNA thus requires that health care professionals define the health needs of socio-economically disadvantaged patients. The three forms of health needs that are observed in disadvantaged children/patients include the felt, normative and expressed health needs. These needs may interact at different levels in patients. For instance, while a health need may be felt and expressed by a patient, it may not necessarily be normative.

The Benefits Of Drug Legalization - 853 Words

Illicit Drugs Should Be Legalized Historically, legalization of drugs has been an ongoing debate for years. Drug legalization is a controversial issue in North America because of its potential effects on society. Permitting the use of drugs can undoubtedly have a significant impact on current socio-economic policies. It is essential to note that there are many benefits and consequences associated with legalizing drugs. However, the direct economic and social benefits of drug legalization clearly outweigh its consequences. Illicit drugs should be legalized because it creates a new revenue stream for government organizations, reduces drug-related criminal activities and benefits sick individuals in need (NYLN Youth Leader Blog, 2015).†¦show more content†¦The argument for keeping drugs illegal has no economic benefits. Presently, manufacturers and distributors of cigarettes and alcohol are subject to high government taxes (NYLN Youth Leader Blog, 2015). A similar model can easily be implemented for other illic it drugs such as heroin or cocaine. Economists estimate government revenue can reach billions of dollars in North America if all drugs can be distributed commercially (NYLN Youth Leader Blog, 2015). Elimination of the criminal market place is another valued benefit of legalizing illicit drugs. As observed in the Netflix series Narcos, the market for drug-related activities (supply, production, trafficking, distribution etc.) gave birth to organized crime (Netflix, 2017). The legalization approach forces such criminal organizations to pursue non-violent opportunities. This also enables law and enforcement to appropriately control or regulate the drug market. Prohibition of alcohol also proves that enforcing stringent laws for substance is not an effective strategy to reduce crime (Falconi, 2012). Popular criminal bosses from the ‘bootlegging era’ (such as Al Capone) were eventually driven out of business via legal alcohol sales. Therefore, legalization of drugs reduces the strength of criminal organizations, and thus drug-related criminal activities. It also prevents law and enforcement agencies from overspending on ineffective drug-control programs (Boaz, 1999). For instance, United States spent $16 billion onShow MoreRelatedThe Social Benefits of Legalization of Marijuana1459 Words   |  6 Pagesthe hemp plant.†(Marijuana, 317). Today in most countries soft narcotics and especially narcotics like marijuana are illegal. Marijuana is a misunderstood drug that is thought of as dangerous but it isn’t. Because of people’s ignorance and gullibility marijuana has become illegal for all the wrong reasons and should be re-examined for legalization. Society today cannot understand that there has been a culture behind marijuana for many centuries, and has been used by different ethnicities, for religiousRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1601 Words   |  7 PagesIllinois, New York, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Maine, Rhode Island, Delaware, New Jersey and Hawaii have legalized Marijuana for medical purposes only, the rest of the states have no laws legalizing marijuana (Governing). The legalization of m arijuana on the states referred here have different governing rules, some states as Delaware have limited the use to private use up to an ounce, replacing penalties for civil fines, California legalized marijuana only for medical purposes allowingRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legal?1384 Words   |  6 Pages When hearing the word marijuana, we instantly think a â€Å"dangerous drug,† because that is what we are taught growing up. That there are different types of drugs that are dangerous for us and will only harm our health and our future. Growing up with this information as children, we do not really have other reasoning so we just take in the information and accept it. This information which was given to us at a young age is only questioned after we start to age. If research is actually done in order toRead MoreThe Legalization Of Marijuana And Marijuana Essay1314 Words   |  6 Pagesof the bused drugs in America and the rest of the world. Interesting accumulating evidenc e show that the significant negative impact of this drug outweighs the positive effects. However, the medical benefits of the drug seem on the process of chemical compounds as compared to the drug itself. Medical debates show that chemical compound in marijuana are the problem as compared to the plant. The said chemical compound affects the mental and physical health of the persons abusing this drug. There haveRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?922 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to information collected by the drug policy alliance organization, it shows heavy financial spending â€Å"amount spent annually in the U.S. on the war on drugs: more than $51,000,000,000†. ? Have you ever been in trouble for smoking marijuana? Do you know someone that is in jail for possession of marijuana? This is an issue that has become prevalent in recent years. The whole country along with its citizen is divided on legalization of marijuana. ? How marijuana became illegal is by a tax actRea d MoreEssay about Should We Legalize Marijuana in Canada?1081 Words   |  5 PagesTo Legalize or to Not Legalize: The Debate Behind Marijuana in Canada The legalization of marijuana is an issue that consistently discussed and debated, not only in North America, but throughout the entire world. Despite being illegal in every country, marijuana remains the most widely used illicit drug in the world. The popularity of this drug is the cause for the continuous legalization debate, resulting in various legislations pertaining to the consumption of the substance. Every country hasRead MoreEssay on Legalization of Marijuana, Cocaine, and Prescription Pills1713 Words   |  7 Pages In the United States, there are many drugs that are outlawed due to their supposed harmful and dangerous effects on humans. Some of these drugs include marijuana, cocaine, heroin, and prescription pills that are abused by people to whom they are not prescribed. Recent movements have called for the legalization of all of these drugs. Although it appears that legalization of all drugs on the market seems like a valid movement, in reality, all hard drugs such as cocaine and prescription pills shouldRead MoreThe Legalization Of Steroids Should Be Beneficial For The World Of Sport1226 Words   |  5 PagesSteroids are drugs used by athletes to become stronger and achieve a strong physique. Steroids are illegal and are strongly discouraged to be used and may be seen first expressed during high school with the introduction of organized sport teams. The perspective against the legalization of steroids believes in the many benefits of legalization. The perspective for the legalization of steroid expresses the harmful effects of steroids. My view of the subject is that I am against the legalization of steroidsRead MoreShould Drugs be Legalized?1187 Words   |  5 PagesDrug laws apply on state and federal levels. In federal circumstances, â€Å"convictions are from drug trafficking† and in the states, it’s for â€Å"drug possession.† The federal punishments are longer sentences and harsher punishment while the states place the arrestee is charged with misdemeanor and is put on probation, short jail term, or a fine. However, in court, if the criminal pleads guilty, they keep a clean criminal record and take a prescribed substance abuse program†¦vacated†¦and [18 months later]Read MoreLegalizing The Legalization Of Marijuana1012 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscourage is a way to fix the problem. Evident by Colorado and Washington, â€Å"the legalization of marijuana can stop most of these possession arrests† (Levine). After the first opening of the first retail marijuana stores on January 1, 2014, Colorado had decreased crime rates, decreased traffic fatalities and increase in economic output (DPA). Since 2010, the marijuana possession arrest have went down 84% since its legalization. The tactic of legalizing, controlling, and discouraging has been proposed by

Law 531 Free Essays

Traditional and Nontraditional Litigation Systems Law/531 [ July 30, 2012 ] The traditional legal system of utilizes law as it is foundation for all decisions. Laws in the United States have four sources; constitutional, statutes and ordinance, common law and administrative. The features of these four are: * Constitutional Law is based on a formal document that defines broad powers. We will write a custom essay sample on Law 531 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Federal constitutional law originates from the U. S. constitution. State constitutional law originates from the individual state constitutions. Statutes and Ordinances are legislation passed on the federal, state, or local levels. * Common Law is based on the concept of precedence – on how the courts have interpreted the law. Under common law, the facts of a particular case are determined and compared to previous cases having similar facts in order to reach a decision by analogy. Common law applies mostly at the state level. It originated in the 13th century when royal judges began recording their decisions and the reasoning behind the decisions. * Administrative Law – federal, state, and local level. Administrative law is made by administrative agencies that define the intent of the legislative body that passed the law. These four steps are used to structure and interpret laws to remedy situations as they arise the enforcement occurs at three levels and they are called courts. The Supreme Court, Appellate courts and Trial courts, in the business environment the trial court is a popular choice because it handles the civil disputes and it is only when unique cases appear it is sent to be viewed by the Supreme Court for a ruling. Cases such as NATIONAL FEDERATION OF INDEPENDENT BUSINESS ET AL. v. SEBELIUS, SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, ET AL. (Supreme Court of the United States 2011) otherwise known as the healthcare law which mandates healthcare for all, when this kind of law is in place and it affects the citizens on a whole that decision must be weighed against the rules of the constitution which is the law of the land. Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) this is the mitigation process where the end result is the agreement according to the process of litigation. ADR is the involvement of a third party to who is unbiased but encourages a discussion between the parties. This features is particularly important to businesses because of this feature the discussions are private and so it reduces the negative publicity which may arise, the process is quicker because it because the terms of the agreement is then presented to judge for his/her viewing and then a ruling is made. Finally, the agreement is also covered by a caveat of confidentiality which reminds both parties that the agreed terms must not be discussed. This type of discussion is helpful in mergers and acquisitions as is used in the work environments where a union supplies the employees. Comparison Both processes are features of the judicial system and the remedy is legally binding. Most times the remedy is monetary and the TORT is settled in the civil courts, however, laws have two features, state and federal and whenever applicable the federal ruling is the governing law. Contrast The judicial system in terms of the courts is time consuming and the pretrial hearings can be a lengthy task, the courts that will hear the case is also determined by the monetary remedy that is asked by the plaintiff. References Supreme Court System, American Legal System; Quick MBA, Law and Business http://www. quickmba. com/law/sys/, viewed July 30th 2012. Healthcare Reform Ruling; NATIONAL FEDERATION OF INDEPENDENT BUSINESS ET AL. v. SEBELIUS, SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, ET AL; http://www. supremecourt. ov/opinions/11pdf/11-393c3a2. pdf, viewed July 30th 2012. Definition of Tort; The Lectric Law Library LECLAW. com, http://www. lectlaw. com/def2/t032. htm, viewed July 30th 2012. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. A tort is an act that injures someone in some way, and for which the injured person may sue the wrongdoer for damages. Legally, torts are called civil wrongs, as oppo sed to criminal ones. (Some acts like battery, however, may be both torts and crimes; the wrongdoer may face both civil and criminal penalties. ) How to cite Law 531, Essays Law 531 Free Essays Regulatory Laws and Torts in Alumina Simulation Kathleen Kraft-Smith LAW 531 Martine Anderson University of Phoenix Regulatory Laws and Torts in Alumina Simulation Alumina is a manufacturing plant specializing in automotive components, packaging materials, bauxite, refining, and smelting. Lately this organization has been dealing with an EPA violation that occurred, and was corrected, five years ago through an individual that states harm has occurred based on this violation. A closer look at this organization and the violation reveals regulatory risks that need to be managed, prevented and corrected. We will write a custom essay sample on Law 531 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Going through each scenario within the simulation we will present all the regulatory risks and liabilities, possible choices for management and the consequences of each choice for these risks, and a preventative plan to help eliminate future problems that may occur due to this violation. Problem 1. Release news story highlighting efficiency of the system and its clean record. This plan of action is usually a wise approach as it instills confidence into the public, letting them know that the organization understands the regulations and is all about adhering to them. As in this case however the reporter falsely documented data which reflected negatively on the organization, which then a retort of the article had to be written. Alumina could have used this situation as a deformation case, but was satisfied with the paper publishing the corrected data. Approach Ms Bates to test her resolve. This approach may seem like a good idea as this individual seems to have been guided and may have malice intentions. However, in approaching Ms Bates this may reflect negatively on the organization as a manipulation or bulling tactic as well as an invasion of privacy issue. Conduct an Independent site study to check for new violations. This approach is a wise one. By the organization doing this it insures that all standards are met incase this particular problem goes further in the litigation process. Arrange for a private investigation on Bates. This is a poor idea as it could create an invasion of privacy suit as well as cost the organization a lot financially. Looking at all four of these action plans the best plan would be to conduct an individual study to ensure that all process met EPA standards and give a press release showing the results. This not only covers any liabilities that the organization my incur through the process but also puts the public at ease that this particular organization does care about the society around it and is involved in contributing to the pollution solution rather than creating a problem. To aid in preventing such an accusation from occurring again Alumina must continue to conduct internal investigations making sure that all processes are in compliance to EPA/OSHA standards. Problem 2. Ms. Bates and the reporter are asking for the violation records of Alumina under the Freedom of Information Act. â€Å"The Freedom of Information Act, commonly known as the FOIA, was enacted by Congress in 1996 to give the American public greater access to the Federal Government’s records. † (www. fcc. gov/foia/). However, as these files can become public there is still protection to the organizations under Section 552(b) of the FOIA. There are nine records that are exempt from disclosure. Such items are internal personnel rules, agency practices as well as trade secrets, commercial or financial information obtained from a person and privileged or confidential, and records relating to the examination, operations, or condition of the institutions. (www. fcc. gov/foia). Possible Actions: Allow partial release of environmental audit report. This would be a wise choice as it shows willingness to cooperate with the accusers as well as secure all competitive confidential information. Object to disclosure of environment audit report citing confidentiality of business information. This options gives the appearance of trying to hide information from the public, thus creating a false image, and creating a possible hysteria in the community. However, the organization does have the right to withhold sensitive business information. No objection to disclosure of environmental audit report. This alternative shows compliance, but could release information that could be detrimental to the organizations business obligations. The best solution here is to release a partial report giving the public what they request and ooperating with them while still withholding sensitive competitive information that could be detrimental to the organization. To help prevent a problem such as this in the future is to know what information the organization is considering industrial trade secrets and what can be public knowledge. It may even help to publicize the results of future inspections as a good faith measure for the community. Problem 3. Ms. Bates is suing Alumina for damages allege dly contributed to the violation. Possible Action: Negotiate with Bates offer a trust to help Bates with medical expenses. This could be a plausible action plan but has no legal standing and negotiations could be interpreted differently by either side. This then could lead to a more costly venture such as a trial. Seek AAA intervention in solving the dispute. This should be one of the first options considered as it could keep the problem from exploding into a PR nightmare as well as solve any negligence issues that may have occurred by the EPA violation. Go to trial on the notion that Ms Bates does not have a case. Ms. Bates allegations may be false, but there also may be some truth to what she is saying. This move is not only arrogant but risky as the interpretation of the law through a jury can go either way. This alternative is also the most financially expensive. The best solution in this particular case would be to try the AAA, as the decisions made are legally binding and can often find a common ground for both parties to agree to. This option, if effective, can save the organization in many ways, such as financially, but also their reputation is saved by not having to go through a public trial. If this particular solution does not work one can then always approach the situation with a trial but most of the time a settlement can be made through the AAA. Conclusion: Being aware of the laws that effect a particular organization, such as in this case the Clean Water Act, and the FOIA, can help in reducing negligence suits other liabilities that may occur. Keeping a preventative strategy plan rather than a reactive plan will also help. In this case keeping the processes and machinery up to EPA standards and then allowing the public to view the inspection results. This shows cooperation and community concern from the organization, and this positive PR could aid in the reduction of law suits in the future. References: Business Regulation Simulation. University of Phoenix. https://ecampus. phoenix. edu/secure/aapd/vendors/tata/sims/legal/legal_simulation1. html Jennings, M. M. (2006), Business: It’s Legal, Ethical, and Global Environment (7th ed), Mason, OH: Thomson Freedom of Information Act. Retrieved March 26, 2010 from http://www. fcc. gov/foia/ Summary of the Clean Water Act. Retrieved March 26, 2010 from How to cite Law 531, Essays

Islamic Unit Study Guide free essay sample

In Arabic, the word â€Å"Islam† means submission or surrender, it is derived from the root word â€Å"salam† in which you can also derive the root words peace and safety. 2. What is Zamzam? The name of the holy well located in Mecca believed to be revealed when Abraham’s infant son Ishmael kicked the ground desperate for water. Millions of Muslims today drink from the well while performing their pilgrimage to Mecca 3. What is the Ka’bah? One of the most sacred sites in Islam, it is a large marble structure located in the middle of al Masjid al Haram (Sacred Mosque). It’s said to be built by Abraham and his son Ishmael to dedicate to Allah, and also houses the sacred Black Stone. No matter where you are, Muslims supposed to be facing the direction of Kaaba when in prayer. 4. Fully describe the role Abraham played in Islam. Ibrahim is considered to be the father of both Arabs and of Jews according to Muslims. We will write a custom essay sample on Islamic Unit Study Guide or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It’s also believed that he is neither a Jew nor a Muslim, but somebody who is a hernif somebody who essentially and intrinsically knows that there is really only one God. Much of what Islamic tradition is about, along with rituals such as the Hajj stem from the pre-Islamic era and are translated into Islamic rituals through Ibrahim. The Kaaba was built because God spoke to Ibrahim about constructing a sacred house for God. 5. When was Muhammad born? 570 AD, Mecca 6. What did Muhammad dislike about his birthplace, Mecca? It was filled with idol worship and when he was assigned by God to call people to Islam per God revelation of Quran to him, the disbelievers disliked his views against discrimination. The people of Mecca were steeped in their ways and opposed Muhammad and his small group of followers in every way. 7. Describe the â€Å"Night of Power† and how Muhammad became the Messenger of God. The Lailat ul-Qadr or â€Å"Night of Power† is the night in which the Holy Quran is revealed to the Prophet Muhammad. At the age of 40, while engaged in a meditative retreat, Muhammad received his first revelation from God through the Archangel Gabriel. Muhammad began to recite the words he heard from Gabriel and to preach the truth which God had revealed to him. . What is the â€Å"Night Journey? † Be sure to include in your answer a discussion of Isra and Miraj. The Night Journey starts out with the Isra, where Gabriel presents to Muhammad the heavenly winged steed called the Buraq. With the Buraq, he then journeys to the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem where he met and prayed with Prophets Moses, Abraham, Jesus, and John. Gabriel then gives Muhammad the decision to dri nk the wine or milk, Muhammad chooses the milk which fulfills the prophecy. After this, is the Miraj, where Muhammad is ascended into heaven and passes the seven heavenly realms, where he meets God. 9. What is the significance of Medina? It’s considered the first Islamic Republic and is the location of the first Mosque built 10. Describe in detail the Five Pillars of Islam:  · Shahada : It is the declaration of belief in the oneness of God and acceptance of Muhammad as Gods prophet.  · Salat : The practice of formal worship to Allah  · Zawat :  · Sawm : Arabic word for fasting regulated by Islamic jurisprudence. In the terminology of Islamic law, the observance of sawm during the Islamic holy month of Ramadan.  · Hajj : the pilgrimage to Mecca that every Muslim is required to make at least once in his life, provided he has enough money and the health to do so 11. Briefly describe the conflict between the Sunni and Shi’ite Muslims. The schism occurred when the Islamic prophet Muhammad died in the year 632, leading to a dispute over succession to Muhammad as a caliph of the Islamic community spread across various parts of the world which led to the Battle of Siffin. Sectarian violence persists to this day from Pakistan to Yemen and is a major element of friction throughout the Middle East. 12. What does â€Å"caliph† mean? The chief Muslim civil and religious ruler, regarded as the successor of Muhammad. 13. What is an â€Å"Imam? † The title of a Muslim leader or chief 14. Describe in detail the holy writings of Islam:  · Qur’an : the sacred text of Islam, divided into 114 chapters, or suras: revered as the word of God, dictated to Muhammad by the archangel Gabriel, and accepted as the foundation of Islamic law, religion, culture, and politics. Hadith : Hadith is the collection of the Prophet Muhammad’s statements and actions coupled with the statements and actions of his companions believed to have been collected 150 years after Muhammad’s death, and it is the basis of jurisprudence for Islamic or Sharia law. Muslims classify hadith in four different categories. The first three categories refer specifically to Muhammad. Awl are the transmissions of Muhammad’s statements, filiare the transmission of Muhammad’s deeds or actions, and taqrir are the actions or deeds of the Prophet’s companions or others that Muhammad has approved of. The fourth category of classification is qudsi, which are the Prophet’s words, inspired by Allah, that are not recorded in the Quran.  · Sharia : the moral code and religious law of Islam. Sharia deals with many topics addressed by secular law, including crime, politics, and economics, as well as personal matters such as sexual intercourse, hygiene, diet, prayer, and fasting. Though interpretations of sharia vary between cultures, in its strictest definition it is considered the infallible law of God—as opposed to the human interpretation of the laws 15. Describe in detail the Aqida. Be sure to include the six articles of the faith. 16. Explain the concept of Jihad. Be sure to include the meaning of the word â€Å"Jihad,† and the distinction between â€Å"Lesser Jihad† and â€Å"Greater Jihad. † 17. What is the meaning of the Star and Crescent Moon, the symbol of Islam? The crescent moon and star symbol pre-dates Islam by several thousand years when polytheism was the majority in the Middle East. The crescent and star are often said to be Islamic symbols, but historians say that they were the insignia of the Ottoman Empire, not of Islam as a whole. 8. What is the Aqiqa? Islamic practice of shaving the head of the newborn male and contributing the weight in silver for charity as well as 2 lambs. One lamb is slaughtered for a baby girl. 19. Briefly define the following groups:  · Nation of Islam : an organization composed chiefly of American blacks, advocating the teachings of Islam and originally favoring the se paration of races: members are known as Black Muslims.  · Wahabi : a follower of ? Abd al-Wahhab (1703–1792), who stringently opposed all practices not sanctioned by the Koran. The Wahhabis, founded in the 18th century, are the most conservative Muslim group and are today found mainly in Saudi Arabia.   The Twelvers : the largest branch of Shi’ite Islam. Adherents of Twelver Shi’ism are commonly referred to as Twelvers, which is derived from their belief in twelve divinely ordained leaders, known as the Twelve Imams, and their belief that the Mahdi will be none other than the returned Twelfth Imam who disappeared and is believed by Twelvers to be in occultation. 20. Define the following terms:  · Arabia Peninsula of southwest Asia between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. Politically, it includes Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, and Kuwait. Arabia has an estimated one third of the worlds oil reserves.  · Allah Islamic word for God  · Ishmael Son of Abraham  · Muslim A believer and follower of the teachings by the Prophet Muhammad  · Mecca City is Saudi Arabia, the religious centre for one of the five pillars of pilgrimage (hajj)  · Abu Bakr One of the close companions of Prophet Muhammad and the first caliph  · Khailifahs Muslim religion leaders or chiefs Mosque Muslim house of worship  · Ramadan The ninth month of the year in the Islamic calendar, a time of fasting.  · Hajj The religious pilgrimage to Mecca, one of the five pillars of Islam  · Sufism Islamic mysticism  · Ali Cousin and son in law of Prophet Muhammad, a caliph  ·  · Hidden Imam Twelver Shii doctrine holds that the twelfth imam did not die but went into a spiritual form of existence known as occultation, and will return at the end of time as a messianic Mahdi to restore justice and equity on earth. The sacred dress of Muslim pilgrims, consisting of two lengths of white cotton, one wrapped around the loins, the other thrown over the left shoulder.  · Kafir Infidel or pagan  · Id Al-Fitr A festival that ends the fast of Ramadan  · Id Al-Adha Commemorates Abraham’s willingness to sacrifice his son Ishmael  · Sunnah The way of life prescribed by the normative of Islam  · Tawhid Asserting and maintaining the divine unity, Islams central doctrine.  · Ummah Means â€Å"the people† in Arabic, it refers to collective community of Islam peoples