The Disparities in the Provision of Health Services in the Modern Society Free Essay Example, 2750 words

To formulate and implement a health need analysis of disadvantaged children, there are certain core elements that those involved should be conversant with and address conclusively. First, HNA must identify the unmet health care and health requirements of these children and their families so that only the interventions that would provide for such needs are formulated and implemented. In other terms, an HNA should serve to improve the health of children and families in disadvantaged areas by allowing for the effective planning of health service provision. Importantly, HNA should enable health care providers to set their priorities and develop their policies according to the health needs of the target patient or group of patient. It should be apparent by now that an HNA should not be implemented for the mere purpose of establishing the health status of disadvantaged children; rather, HNA seeks to improve the health of these children and their parents by emphasizing the concept of incre asing the capacity of patients to benefit from intervention strategies (Cunningham Kemper, 1998). Regarding disadvantaged areas, health needs would refer to a population s abilities and capacity to benefit from whichever health interventions recommended, formulated and implemented by the authorities. We will write a custom essay sample on The Disparities in the Provision of Health Services in the Modern Society or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Researches have confirmed that socio-economic disadvantage is largely associated with health and health needs of a population. However, the association between socioeconomic status and health is quite complicated and surrounded by quite a number of factors such as place of residence, education, income, health beliefs and behaviours and access to health services (Franks et al. , 2001). HNA thus requires that health care professionals define the health needs of socio-economically disadvantaged patients. The three forms of health needs that are observed in disadvantaged children/patients include the felt, normative and expressed health needs. These needs may interact at different levels in patients. For instance, while a health need may be felt and expressed by a patient, it may not necessarily be normative.

The Benefits Of Drug Legalization - 853 Words

Illicit Drugs Should Be Legalized Historically, legalization of drugs has been an ongoing debate for years. Drug legalization is a controversial issue in North America because of its potential effects on society. Permitting the use of drugs can undoubtedly have a significant impact on current socio-economic policies. It is essential to note that there are many benefits and consequences associated with legalizing drugs. However, the direct economic and social benefits of drug legalization clearly outweigh its consequences. Illicit drugs should be legalized because it creates a new revenue stream for government organizations, reduces drug-related criminal activities and benefits sick individuals in need (NYLN Youth Leader Blog, 2015).†¦show more content†¦The argument for keeping drugs illegal has no economic benefits. Presently, manufacturers and distributors of cigarettes and alcohol are subject to high government taxes (NYLN Youth Leader Blog, 2015). A similar model can easily be implemented for other illic it drugs such as heroin or cocaine. Economists estimate government revenue can reach billions of dollars in North America if all drugs can be distributed commercially (NYLN Youth Leader Blog, 2015). Elimination of the criminal market place is another valued benefit of legalizing illicit drugs. As observed in the Netflix series Narcos, the market for drug-related activities (supply, production, trafficking, distribution etc.) gave birth to organized crime (Netflix, 2017). The legalization approach forces such criminal organizations to pursue non-violent opportunities. This also enables law and enforcement to appropriately control or regulate the drug market. Prohibition of alcohol also proves that enforcing stringent laws for substance is not an effective strategy to reduce crime (Falconi, 2012). Popular criminal bosses from the ‘bootlegging era’ (such as Al Capone) were eventually driven out of business via legal alcohol sales. Therefore, legalization of drugs reduces the strength of criminal organizations, and thus drug-related criminal activities. It also prevents law and enforcement agencies from overspending on ineffective drug-control programs (Boaz, 1999). For instance, United States spent $16 billion onShow MoreRelatedThe Social Benefits of Legalization of Marijuana1459 Words   |  6 Pagesthe hemp plant.†(Marijuana, 317). Today in most countries soft narcotics and especially narcotics like marijuana are illegal. Marijuana is a misunderstood drug that is thought of as dangerous but it isn’t. Because of people’s ignorance and gullibility marijuana has become illegal for all the wrong reasons and should be re-examined for legalization. Society today cannot understand that there has been a culture behind marijuana for many centuries, and has been used by different ethnicities, for religiousRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1601 Words   |  7 PagesIllinois, New York, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Maine, Rhode Island, Delaware, New Jersey and Hawaii have legalized Marijuana for medical purposes only, the rest of the states have no laws legalizing marijuana (Governing). The legalization of m arijuana on the states referred here have different governing rules, some states as Delaware have limited the use to private use up to an ounce, replacing penalties for civil fines, California legalized marijuana only for medical purposes allowingRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legal?1384 Words   |  6 Pages When hearing the word marijuana, we instantly think a â€Å"dangerous drug,† because that is what we are taught growing up. That there are different types of drugs that are dangerous for us and will only harm our health and our future. Growing up with this information as children, we do not really have other reasoning so we just take in the information and accept it. This information which was given to us at a young age is only questioned after we start to age. If research is actually done in order toRead MoreThe Legalization Of Marijuana And Marijuana Essay1314 Words   |  6 Pagesof the bused drugs in America and the rest of the world. Interesting accumulating evidenc e show that the significant negative impact of this drug outweighs the positive effects. However, the medical benefits of the drug seem on the process of chemical compounds as compared to the drug itself. Medical debates show that chemical compound in marijuana are the problem as compared to the plant. The said chemical compound affects the mental and physical health of the persons abusing this drug. There haveRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?922 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to information collected by the drug policy alliance organization, it shows heavy financial spending â€Å"amount spent annually in the U.S. on the war on drugs: more than $51,000,000,000†. ? Have you ever been in trouble for smoking marijuana? Do you know someone that is in jail for possession of marijuana? This is an issue that has become prevalent in recent years. The whole country along with its citizen is divided on legalization of marijuana. ? How marijuana became illegal is by a tax actRea d MoreEssay about Should We Legalize Marijuana in Canada?1081 Words   |  5 PagesTo Legalize or to Not Legalize: The Debate Behind Marijuana in Canada The legalization of marijuana is an issue that consistently discussed and debated, not only in North America, but throughout the entire world. Despite being illegal in every country, marijuana remains the most widely used illicit drug in the world. The popularity of this drug is the cause for the continuous legalization debate, resulting in various legislations pertaining to the consumption of the substance. Every country hasRead MoreEssay on Legalization of Marijuana, Cocaine, and Prescription Pills1713 Words   |  7 Pages In the United States, there are many drugs that are outlawed due to their supposed harmful and dangerous effects on humans. Some of these drugs include marijuana, cocaine, heroin, and prescription pills that are abused by people to whom they are not prescribed. Recent movements have called for the legalization of all of these drugs. Although it appears that legalization of all drugs on the market seems like a valid movement, in reality, all hard drugs such as cocaine and prescription pills shouldRead MoreThe Legalization Of Steroids Should Be Beneficial For The World Of Sport1226 Words   |  5 PagesSteroids are drugs used by athletes to become stronger and achieve a strong physique. Steroids are illegal and are strongly discouraged to be used and may be seen first expressed during high school with the introduction of organized sport teams. The perspective against the legalization of steroids believes in the many benefits of legalization. The perspective for the legalization of steroid expresses the harmful effects of steroids. My view of the subject is that I am against the legalization of steroidsRead MoreShould Drugs be Legalized?1187 Words   |  5 PagesDrug laws apply on state and federal levels. In federal circumstances, â€Å"convictions are from drug trafficking† and in the states, it’s for â€Å"drug possession.† The federal punishments are longer sentences and harsher punishment while the states place the arrestee is charged with misdemeanor and is put on probation, short jail term, or a fine. However, in court, if the criminal pleads guilty, they keep a clean criminal record and take a prescribed substance abuse program†¦vacated†¦and [18 months later]Read MoreLegalizing The Legalization Of Marijuana1012 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscourage is a way to fix the problem. Evident by Colorado and Washington, â€Å"the legalization of marijuana can stop most of these possession arrests† (Levine). After the first opening of the first retail marijuana stores on January 1, 2014, Colorado had decreased crime rates, decreased traffic fatalities and increase in economic output (DPA). Since 2010, the marijuana possession arrest have went down 84% since its legalization. The tactic of legalizing, controlling, and discouraging has been proposed by

Law 531 Free Essays

Traditional and Nontraditional Litigation Systems Law/531 [ July 30, 2012 ] The traditional legal system of utilizes law as it is foundation for all decisions. Laws in the United States have four sources; constitutional, statutes and ordinance, common law and administrative. The features of these four are: * Constitutional Law is based on a formal document that defines broad powers. We will write a custom essay sample on Law 531 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Federal constitutional law originates from the U. S. constitution. State constitutional law originates from the individual state constitutions. Statutes and Ordinances are legislation passed on the federal, state, or local levels. * Common Law is based on the concept of precedence – on how the courts have interpreted the law. Under common law, the facts of a particular case are determined and compared to previous cases having similar facts in order to reach a decision by analogy. Common law applies mostly at the state level. It originated in the 13th century when royal judges began recording their decisions and the reasoning behind the decisions. * Administrative Law – federal, state, and local level. Administrative law is made by administrative agencies that define the intent of the legislative body that passed the law. These four steps are used to structure and interpret laws to remedy situations as they arise the enforcement occurs at three levels and they are called courts. The Supreme Court, Appellate courts and Trial courts, in the business environment the trial court is a popular choice because it handles the civil disputes and it is only when unique cases appear it is sent to be viewed by the Supreme Court for a ruling. Cases such as NATIONAL FEDERATION OF INDEPENDENT BUSINESS ET AL. v. SEBELIUS, SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, ET AL. (Supreme Court of the United States 2011) otherwise known as the healthcare law which mandates healthcare for all, when this kind of law is in place and it affects the citizens on a whole that decision must be weighed against the rules of the constitution which is the law of the land. Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) this is the mitigation process where the end result is the agreement according to the process of litigation. ADR is the involvement of a third party to who is unbiased but encourages a discussion between the parties. This features is particularly important to businesses because of this feature the discussions are private and so it reduces the negative publicity which may arise, the process is quicker because it because the terms of the agreement is then presented to judge for his/her viewing and then a ruling is made. Finally, the agreement is also covered by a caveat of confidentiality which reminds both parties that the agreed terms must not be discussed. This type of discussion is helpful in mergers and acquisitions as is used in the work environments where a union supplies the employees. Comparison Both processes are features of the judicial system and the remedy is legally binding. Most times the remedy is monetary and the TORT is settled in the civil courts, however, laws have two features, state and federal and whenever applicable the federal ruling is the governing law. Contrast The judicial system in terms of the courts is time consuming and the pretrial hearings can be a lengthy task, the courts that will hear the case is also determined by the monetary remedy that is asked by the plaintiff. References Supreme Court System, American Legal System; Quick MBA, Law and Business http://www. quickmba. com/law/sys/, viewed July 30th 2012. Healthcare Reform Ruling; NATIONAL FEDERATION OF INDEPENDENT BUSINESS ET AL. v. SEBELIUS, SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, ET AL; http://www. supremecourt. ov/opinions/11pdf/11-393c3a2. pdf, viewed July 30th 2012. Definition of Tort; The Lectric Law Library LECLAW. com, http://www. lectlaw. com/def2/t032. htm, viewed July 30th 2012. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. A tort is an act that injures someone in some way, and for which the injured person may sue the wrongdoer for damages. Legally, torts are called civil wrongs, as oppo sed to criminal ones. (Some acts like battery, however, may be both torts and crimes; the wrongdoer may face both civil and criminal penalties. ) How to cite Law 531, Essays Law 531 Free Essays Regulatory Laws and Torts in Alumina Simulation Kathleen Kraft-Smith LAW 531 Martine Anderson University of Phoenix Regulatory Laws and Torts in Alumina Simulation Alumina is a manufacturing plant specializing in automotive components, packaging materials, bauxite, refining, and smelting. Lately this organization has been dealing with an EPA violation that occurred, and was corrected, five years ago through an individual that states harm has occurred based on this violation. A closer look at this organization and the violation reveals regulatory risks that need to be managed, prevented and corrected. We will write a custom essay sample on Law 531 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Going through each scenario within the simulation we will present all the regulatory risks and liabilities, possible choices for management and the consequences of each choice for these risks, and a preventative plan to help eliminate future problems that may occur due to this violation. Problem 1. Release news story highlighting efficiency of the system and its clean record. This plan of action is usually a wise approach as it instills confidence into the public, letting them know that the organization understands the regulations and is all about adhering to them. As in this case however the reporter falsely documented data which reflected negatively on the organization, which then a retort of the article had to be written. Alumina could have used this situation as a deformation case, but was satisfied with the paper publishing the corrected data. Approach Ms Bates to test her resolve. This approach may seem like a good idea as this individual seems to have been guided and may have malice intentions. However, in approaching Ms Bates this may reflect negatively on the organization as a manipulation or bulling tactic as well as an invasion of privacy issue. Conduct an Independent site study to check for new violations. This approach is a wise one. By the organization doing this it insures that all standards are met incase this particular problem goes further in the litigation process. Arrange for a private investigation on Bates. This is a poor idea as it could create an invasion of privacy suit as well as cost the organization a lot financially. Looking at all four of these action plans the best plan would be to conduct an individual study to ensure that all process met EPA standards and give a press release showing the results. This not only covers any liabilities that the organization my incur through the process but also puts the public at ease that this particular organization does care about the society around it and is involved in contributing to the pollution solution rather than creating a problem. To aid in preventing such an accusation from occurring again Alumina must continue to conduct internal investigations making sure that all processes are in compliance to EPA/OSHA standards. Problem 2. Ms. Bates and the reporter are asking for the violation records of Alumina under the Freedom of Information Act. â€Å"The Freedom of Information Act, commonly known as the FOIA, was enacted by Congress in 1996 to give the American public greater access to the Federal Government’s records. † (www. fcc. gov/foia/). However, as these files can become public there is still protection to the organizations under Section 552(b) of the FOIA. There are nine records that are exempt from disclosure. Such items are internal personnel rules, agency practices as well as trade secrets, commercial or financial information obtained from a person and privileged or confidential, and records relating to the examination, operations, or condition of the institutions. (www. fcc. gov/foia). Possible Actions: Allow partial release of environmental audit report. This would be a wise choice as it shows willingness to cooperate with the accusers as well as secure all competitive confidential information. Object to disclosure of environment audit report citing confidentiality of business information. This options gives the appearance of trying to hide information from the public, thus creating a false image, and creating a possible hysteria in the community. However, the organization does have the right to withhold sensitive business information. No objection to disclosure of environmental audit report. This alternative shows compliance, but could release information that could be detrimental to the organizations business obligations. The best solution here is to release a partial report giving the public what they request and ooperating with them while still withholding sensitive competitive information that could be detrimental to the organization. To help prevent a problem such as this in the future is to know what information the organization is considering industrial trade secrets and what can be public knowledge. It may even help to publicize the results of future inspections as a good faith measure for the community. Problem 3. Ms. Bates is suing Alumina for damages allege dly contributed to the violation. Possible Action: Negotiate with Bates offer a trust to help Bates with medical expenses. This could be a plausible action plan but has no legal standing and negotiations could be interpreted differently by either side. This then could lead to a more costly venture such as a trial. Seek AAA intervention in solving the dispute. This should be one of the first options considered as it could keep the problem from exploding into a PR nightmare as well as solve any negligence issues that may have occurred by the EPA violation. Go to trial on the notion that Ms Bates does not have a case. Ms. Bates allegations may be false, but there also may be some truth to what she is saying. This move is not only arrogant but risky as the interpretation of the law through a jury can go either way. This alternative is also the most financially expensive. The best solution in this particular case would be to try the AAA, as the decisions made are legally binding and can often find a common ground for both parties to agree to. This option, if effective, can save the organization in many ways, such as financially, but also their reputation is saved by not having to go through a public trial. If this particular solution does not work one can then always approach the situation with a trial but most of the time a settlement can be made through the AAA. Conclusion: Being aware of the laws that effect a particular organization, such as in this case the Clean Water Act, and the FOIA, can help in reducing negligence suits other liabilities that may occur. Keeping a preventative strategy plan rather than a reactive plan will also help. In this case keeping the processes and machinery up to EPA standards and then allowing the public to view the inspection results. This shows cooperation and community concern from the organization, and this positive PR could aid in the reduction of law suits in the future. References: Business Regulation Simulation. University of Phoenix. https://ecampus. phoenix. edu/secure/aapd/vendors/tata/sims/legal/legal_simulation1. html Jennings, M. M. (2006), Business: It’s Legal, Ethical, and Global Environment (7th ed), Mason, OH: Thomson Freedom of Information Act. Retrieved March 26, 2010 from http://www. fcc. gov/foia/ Summary of the Clean Water Act. Retrieved March 26, 2010 from How to cite Law 531, Essays